Drafting machine



E. HUSY Feb. 2, 1932.,

DRAFTING MACHINE Filed June '7, 1927 .2 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 2, 1932, E. HUSY DRAFTING MACHINE Filed Jilne 7, 1 2 2' Sheets-Sheet 2 '5 and one carrying Patented Feb. 2, 1932 PATENT OFFICE ERNST HUSY, OF MITTWEIDA, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FRANZ K'U.HII'JIIAZITILT, OF

RUSTRINGEN-WILHELMSHAVEN,

GERMANY bit-AFTING MACHINE Application filed June 7, 1927, Serial no My invention relates to improvements in drafting machines, and more particularly in machines of the type comprising two parallel rulers connected one behind the other, at its end a head having one or more rulers mounted thereon. One of the objects of the improvements is to provide a machine of this class in which the rulers and the head carrying the same are freely movable towards and away from the drawing board, drawing block or the like, so that the said ruler or rulers always lie fl: t on the paper, and are adapted to be lifted therefrom for being moved over objects placed on the paper. or for being set in position slightly spaced from the paper when drawing in ink.

WVith this object in view my invention consists in providing the bars of the parallel ruler carrying the drawing head with joints adapted to rock the same away from the drawing board, the said joints being preferably in the form of universal joints. so that the bars can be rocked away from the board independently of each other, and the rulers can be placed flat on the paper.

Other objects of the improvements will appear from the following description:

For the purpose of explaining the invention several examples embodying the same have been shown in the accompanying drawings in which the same letters of reference have been used in all the views to indicate corresponding parts. In said drawings,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of one form of the machine as applied to a block of paper or the like.

Fig. 2 is a similar plan view showing a modification designed for use on an upright drawing board,

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view showing the anchor plate of the example shown in Fig. 1 and the joint of'the arms of the first parallel ruler,

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is a detail view showing a modification of the said joint,

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation showing the member connecting the parallel rulers,

Fig. 7 is an elevation lookinglfrom the left in Fig. 6,

197,020, and in Germany June 15, 1926.

Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation showing the head carrying the rulers,

Fig. 9 is a top plan view of Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 is an elevation on an enlarged scale showing the anchor plate of the example illustrated in Fig. 2, and

Fig. 11 is an end view of Fig. 10 partly in section.

In the example shown in Fig. 1, my improved drafting machine comprises an anchor plate 14 adapted to be fixed to a drawing board 17 a block of paper, or the like, by means of pointed pins 15 and 16 screwing in the said anchor plate, a parallel ruler comprising two arms 1 and 2 jointed to the anchor plate 14 at 12 and 13 and connected at their free ends by a transverse member 5, as-econd parallel ruler comprising arms 3 and 4, a transverse member 6 connected to the member 5 and having the said arms jointed thereto, and a transverse member 7 jointed to the free ends of the arms 3 and 4, a head 11 secured to the transverse member 7 and carrying a knob 8 and the rulers 9 and 10.

The anchor plate has been shown in detail in Figs. 3 and 4. It has the pointed pins 15 and 16 screwing therein, and it is further formed with a rib 40 formed at opposite ends withsockets 12 and 13 having bolts 41 fixed to the arms 1 and 2 pivotally mounted therein. In the example shown in Fig. 3, the said bolts are fixed to the arm 1 and 2 by means of eyes 42, while in Fig. 5 I have shown a modification in which the said bolts are made integral with the arms, the said bolts having received the reference character 41. As shown, the bolts 41 and 41 are comparatively long, so that the surface pressure of the bolts within the sockets is comparatively small. Further, in order to reduce friction, the bolts are formed at their bottom ends with points 43. For removing the apparatus from the board the arms 1. 2 are retracted with their bolts 41, 41 out of the sockets 12 and 13.

The arms 1, 2 and 3, 4 are made from solid bars of circular cross-section. The construction of the transverse members 5 and 6 connecting the parallel rulers has been shown in detail in Figs. 6 and 7. As shown the transverse member 5 consists of two flat bars 51 and 52 spaced from each other by a spacing ring 23 and fixed to each other by means of'a screw 44 screwing in the upper bar 51 and loosely passed through the lower bar 52, the said screw carrying a head '24, by means of which the parts can be firmly clamped together. At their outer ends the bars 51 and 52 embrace the outer ends of the arms 1 and 2, and they are jointed thereto by means of pivot bolts 271, 272, 273 and 274 fixed to the arms 1 and 2. The length of the spacing sleeve 23 is slightly larger than the diameter of the arms 1 and 2, so that when clamping the bars 51 and 52 together, the arms 1 and 2 can be rocked relatively to the arms without undue friction. Preferably, the head 24 is provided with a transverse pin 241 for readily turning-the screw by hand.

The transverse member 6 connecting the arms 3 and 4 is fixed to the bars 51 and 52 by means of the screw 44. As shown, it consists of a comparatively thick bar square in crosssection, which is bifurcated at its ends thus producing elastic arms 61 receiving the ends of the arms 3 and 4 between the same. The bar 6 is made integral with a cleat 62 engaging in a corresponding recess of the bar, 52, so that after screwing down the screw 44, the arm 6 is in fixed relation to the bars 51 and 52. I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to this structure and that in some cases the bar 6 is adjustable angularly of the transverse member 5. By thus having the transverse members 5 and 6 adjustable relatively to each other, the drafting apparatus can be brought into any desired position relatively to the paper, which is particularly important in case of a machine provided with a weighted anchor plate 14. By connecting the transverse members 5 and 6 by means of the screw 24, the parts can be readily disconnected,

merely by unscrewing the screw 24, and further, the said transverse members can be manufactured at low cost, and they are safely connected with the arms 1 and 2 by providing two pivot bolts 271 to 274 for each joint. Further, by having two pivot bolts for each arm, the said bolts can be comparatively thin, so that their friction is small.

The arms 3 and 4 are connected with the transverse member 6 by joints permitting the same to be rocked towards and away from the drafting paper, and preferably they are connected therewith by means of universal joints. The arms 3and 4 are connected to the member 6 by ball and socket joints, and they are formed with spherical ends 25 engaging recesses 30 made in the ends of the arms 61, the said arms being clamped on the spherical ends 25 by means of screws 26. The distance between the screws 26 and the ball and socket jointsis such that the arms 61 can be slightly bent by screwing down the screws 26 for ex erting slight elastic pressure on the spherical ends 25. The diameter of the arms 3 and 4 is such that the spherical ends 25 may be made b turning the same from the solid arm.

owever, for convenience in manufacture, I prefer to provide separate balls at least for one of the ends of the arms 3 and 4, as is shown in Fig. 8, the said spherical balls being formed on socketed members 251 fixed to the arms 3 and 4. Preferably, the sockets of the members 251 and the ends of the arms 3 and 4 are screw-threaded to permit adjustment of the length of the arms, the members 251 being fixed in position after adjustment by means of screws 252.

While in Figs. 6 and 7 ball and socket joints have been shown for connecting the arms 3 and 4 to the transverse member 6, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to this construction.

As appears from Figs. 8 and 9, the arms 3 and 4 are jointed to the transverse member 7 in the same way as has been described with reference to Fig. 7, the member 7 likewise being in the form of a bar of square crosssection bifurcated at its ends and receiving the spherical ends of the arms 3 and 4.

The head of the machine consists of a plate 11 which is formed at its bottom side with a cleat 35, and which has rulers 9 and 10 fixed thereto by means of screws 91. By thus connecting the rulers to the head I may make use of ordinary rulers of wood or metal which can be purchased at low cost on the market. Into a bore of the plate 11 an internally screw-threaded bushing 32 is screwed, which projects upwardly from the plate 11 and provides a centering member for a button or handle 8 fitted thereon by means of an axial bore 46 and fixed thereto by means of a screw 47 screwing in the said bushing and having a milled head 33 and a centering shank 48.

The said button is formed at its side with a recess 49 in which the transverse member 7 is located and fixed by means of a screw 50. The

manner of thus fixing the transverse member 7 directly to the button 8 is simple because an intermediate member is dispensed with. The button 8 is provided circumferentially with graduated scale marks 34 registering 360 degrees, and it is adapted to be turned relatively to theplat-e 11 and the rulers 9, 10 for setting the said rulers in the desired angular position.

To the outer ends of the bottom faces of the rulers 9 and 10 buttons 53 may be fixed for slightly lifting the said rulers from the gravity of the anchor plate, the said gravity being increased, if necessary, by placing weighted bodieson the anchor plate. To permit the machine to be placedinto the correct position after once removing the same, pins 54 may be provided, the heads of which are formed with small recesses 55 adapted to receive the points of the pins 15 and 16.

The drafting machine shown in Fig. 2 is designed for use on upright drawing boards. The general construction of the machine is the same as has been described above. However, the arms 1 and 2 are provided with weighted bodies 18 and 19 fixed to the arms 1 and 2 by means of a clamping member 20 permitting the same to be adjusted in position longitudinally of the arms and adapted to balance the weight of the drafting machine. The weight of the lower parallel ruler is compensated by means of a spring 22. The anchor plate is shown in detail in Figs. 10 and 11, and, as shown, it comprises a member 58 fixed to the rear face of the drawing board 56 by means of an arm 57, the member 58 being formed with sockets 12 and 13 adapted to receive the first parallel ruler. In view of the screw 24. the front face of the member 58 is spaced from the front face of the board 56, as is shown at 36.

The operation of the apparatus will be understood without further explanation. Itwill be noted, that the rulers can be elevated more or less relatively to the anchor plate, so that it can be used for drawing on sheets of paper, blocks, books, or boards, the machine being constructed so that it can be readily mounted or dismounted. The apparatus has high stability, it is light, it can readily be taken apart. and, therefore, it is particularly suitable for use away from home.

-While in describing the invention reference has been made to particular examples embodying the same I wish it to be understood that my invention is not limited to the construction shown in the drawings, and that various changes may be made in the general arrangement of the apparatus and the construction of its parts without departingfrom the invention.

I claim: 1. A drafting machine, comprising an anchoring member provided with a pair of sockets, a parallel ruler comprising in combination with said anchoring member two bars and a transverse member, the said parts being jointed toform a parallelogram, the said arms being provided with pivot bolts loosely engaging saidsockets of the said anchoring member, a second parallel ruler connected to the free end of said first-named parallel ruler, and a head carried by the free end of said second parallel ruler and adapted to have a ruler fixed thereto, said pivot bolts being formed at their bottom ends with points having a step bearing on the bottom of said socket.

2. A drafting machine, comprising ahead adapted to have a ruler fixed thereto, a parallel ruler on which said head is mounted and comprising a pair of transverse members one connected with said head and the other remote therefrom and a pair of longitudinalbars plvotally connected with said transverse members, the transverse member remote from said head being in the form of a bar bifurcated at both ends and the ends of said longitudinal bars engaging between the bifurcated portions thereof, and means connected to said transverse member remote from said head for guiding the same across the drafting surface.

3. A drafting machine, comprising a head adapted to have a ruler fixed thereto, a parallel ruler on which said head is mounted, and comprising a pair of transverse members one connected with said head and the other remote therefrom and a pair of longitudinal bars pivotally connected with said transverse members, the transverse member remote from said head being in the form of a bar bifurcated at both ends and the ends of said longitudinal bars engaging between the bifurcated portions thereof, screws adapted to clamp said bifurcated portions severally together, and means connected to said transverse member remote from said head forguiding the same across the drafting surface.

4. A drafting machine, comprising a head adapted to have a ruler fixed thereto, a parallel ruler on which said head is mounted and comprising a'pair of transverse members one connected with said head and the other remote therefrom, and a second parallel ruler having a transverse member connected with the transverse member of said first-named parallel ruler remote from said head, the

transverse member of said second parallel ruler WhlCll is connected with the transverse member of the first-named parallel ruler being in the form of two spaced bars engaging the longitudinal bars of the second parallel ruler between the same, a spacing ring intermediate said transverse spaced bars, a screw passed through said spaced bars, spacing ring and the said transverse member of the first parallel ruler.

5. A drafting machine, comprising an anchoring member, a head adapted to have a ruler fixed thereto, mechanism intermediate said anchoring member and head for guiding said head across the drafting surface with its ruler at all times in parallelism to a predetermined meridian, socketed members adapted to be fixed to the drafting surface, and pointed members projecting from said anchoring member and adapted for engagegient with the sockets of said socketed memers.

6. A drafting machine, comprising socketed members adapted to be fixed to a drafting board, an anchoring member provided with poiuts adapted for engagement with said soeketed members, a parallel ruler having a pair of parallel links pivotally connected to said anchoring member and having also a transverse member connecting said links at the ends remote from said anchoring member. a second parallel ruler including a pair of links and a pair of transverse members, one of the transverse members of the second parallel ruler being rigidly united with the said transverse member of the parallel ruler first named, and a head adapted to have a ruler fixed thereto carried by the other trans verse member of the second parallel ruler.

7. In drafting apparatus a parallel ruler including a series of parts comprising two bars and two transverse members, said parts being jointed to form a parallelogram, each jointiucluding a ball borne by one part and a socket borne by the other cooperating part and a ruler-carrying head borne by one of said transverse members.

8. In drafting apparatus a parallel ruler including a series of parts comprising two bars and two transverse members, said parts being jointed to form a parallelogram, each joint including a ball borne by one part and a ball-receiving bifurcation borne by the other cooperating part and a ruler-carrying head borne by one of said transverse members.

9. The structure of claim 8, the ball-receiving bifurcations being flexible, together with a plurality of means cooperating severally with each joint for varying the frictional engagement of the prongs of each bifurcation upon its cooperating ball.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aifix my signature.

ERNST HUSY. 

